1.UK economy
The United Kingdom is one of the world's great trading powers and finalcial centres, and it assentially capitalist economy ranks among the largest in Wester Europe. |
| Manufactoring plays a significant role, and industries such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, plastics and alectronics have been particulary seccussfull. . |
| However, the economic and indutrial pattern has changed considerably in the past few years. Service industries noe contribute about 63 percent of gross domesticproduction (GDP) and account for 75 percent of employment. Britain os a world leader in the provision of financial and business services, and tourism is another major growth area |
| Britain is the world's fifth largest trading nation, accounting for around 5 percent of world trade in goods and services. As amember of the EU, it is part of the world's largest established trading group, responsible for 40 percent of world exports. |
| The City of london has more overseas banks than any other fonancial centre and has one of the world's largest international insurance markets. |
2.Brithis industry:regional economic structures
| Britain became the world's forst industrialesed country in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Industry developed in a region way. |
| Ship-building, cotton menufactoring and minig were the initial sources of wealth. |
Centres of economic production were slowly built up as other industries expanded in and around these centres.
3.Agricolture
| 75 percent of land in th UK is used for come form of agricolture and it produces around 65 percent of the country's needs. About 30 percent of the land is used for gowing crops ehili the rest is used for sheep rearing and grazing cattle. |
Agricolture contibutes less the 1 percent of the GDP and uses less 2 percent of the workforce, as it is highly mechanised industry. Agricoltural produce is still a major export for the UK, with its main trading parterns being Western Europ, the USA and the Middle East. Dairy farming is a major source of income for hte West of England, while fishing accounts for up to 50 percent of domenstic need and is an important source of employment especially in the areas where it is concentrated (the North Sea coasts, the south and wst coast and the islands of Scotland). The agricoltural industry has suffered in recent years due to BSE, Foot and Mouth Disease and more recently there is growing concern over Genetically Modified crops.
4.Industry
| North: The north of England used to be a busy economic centre with minig, shipbuilding and manufactoring industries. Today the mines and shipyards are closed and many of the manufactoring industries no longer exist. The region has |
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| one of the highest levels of unemployment in the UK. |
| North-West: This is primariy a manufactoring region with diversified industries. Manchester id the main commercial centre. |
| Yorkshire and Humberside: A well-divesified region which icludes areas of local specialisation. Traditional indutries include the woolen industry in West Yorkshire and steel-making in Sheffield. |
| West Midlands: Metal working, which includes the automobile sector, other forms of engineering and production of electrical goods, are the dominant industries and make an important contribution to the total manufactoring output of the region. |
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| East Midlands: This region has several urban centres, each with its distinctive range of activities. It is a prosperouse area with engineering, there seems to be little prospect of any significant economic growth. Here the most important activity is tourism. |
| South East: London is the earth of this area, which is one of the most prosperous in England. There is an enormous range of commercial activities. Political power os associated with Westmister; financial power is concentrated in the City and cultural excellence is represented by its university, the press, theatres and museums. |
| East Anglia: Cambrigde, with its computer industry and its university, is one of the urban centres. Tourism is very prosperous here. |
5.Finance
| London is one of the odest financial centres in the world. The City of London contains the major fonancial institutions: the Stock Exchange, Lloyds of London and the Bank of England. The Bank of England used to be controlled by government directives, but the Blair government made it more independent, giving it control over interest rates. |
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